P100
20 一般疑问句与特殊疑问句
含有Be动词的一般疑问句的构成，是把Be动词提到主语之前。含有其它动词的一般疑问句的构成，是把“do”“does”提到主语之前。回答一般疑问句时，由“yes”或“no”做完整或简短回答。
Are you happy?
完整回答：Yes, I’m happy. No, I’m not happy.
简短回答：Yes, I am. No, I’m not.
Do you speak Spanish?
完整回答：Yes, I speak Spanish. No, I don’t speak Spanish.
简短回答：Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
特殊疑问句以疑问词who, what, where, when, why或how作为开头，通常需要完整回答。
1 用“who”就“谁”提问。
Who’s at the door? It’s your grandfather.
谁在门口？是你的爷爷。
Who’s in the living room?
Your grandmother is there.
谁在客厅里？你的奶奶在那儿。
2 用“what”就“职业”提问。
What do you do? 你是做什么的？
I’m an electrician. 我是一名电工。
What is he? 他是做什么的？
He’s a plumber. 他是水暖工。
3 用“what”提出具体的问题。
What do you eat for breakfast? 你早餐吃什么？
I eat toast with butter. 我吃黄油土司。
What’s your name? 你叫什么名字？
My name is Rita Gomez. 我叫里塔·格米兹。
4 用“where”就“地点”提问。
Where’s the post office? 邮局在哪儿？
It’s on Main Street. 它在中央大街上。
Where does he live? 他住在哪儿？
He lives in Los Angeles. 他住在洛杉矶。
5 用“when”就“时间”提问。
When does the play begin? 剧什么时候开演？
It begins at eight o’clock. 八点钟开演。
When is your class? 你几点上课？
It’s at nine o’clock. 九点上课。
6 用“how”就“方式”“状态”提问。
How are you? 你好。
I’m fine, thank you. 我很好，谢谢。
How does he feel today? 他今天感觉怎么样？
He feels fine. 他感觉很好。
Practice
A 用肯定或否定的简短形式回答问题。
1. Is he hungry?
Yes, he is.
No, he isn’t. OR No, he is not.
2. Are the suitcase in the living room?
3. Is the window closed?
4. Do they like pears?
5. Does she have a dictionary?
6. Are Lee and Jan at the play?
7. Do you have any money?
8. Am I late?
9. Does this money belong to you?
10. Are you always home in the evening?
VOCABULARY
across butter feel grandfather happy late name
plumber sad toast who begin electrician fine
grandmother how living room play post office
street when
B 用疑问词就相关问题提问。
1．The classes begin in the evening.
When do the classes begin?
2. Mr. and Mrs. Chen live across the street.
3. Your grandfather is in the kitchen.
4. I’m fine, thank you.
5. Elena is a lawyer.
6. He feels sad today.
7. Shao Li is at the door.
8. I eat fish and vegetables for dinner.
21 现在进行时---肯定句
现在进行时通常描述一个现在正在发生的事件或正在进行的动作。现在进行时是由Be动词加动词的-ing形式构成。以重读闭音节结尾的动词在加-ing时，双写末尾的辅音字母，然后加-ing，如：put-putting, sit-sitting, get-getting等。以不发音的e结尾的动词去掉e加-ing，如：close-closing, write-writing等。
现在进行时
完整形式
缩写形式
单数
复数
单数
复数
第一人称
I am going
we are going
I’m going
we’re going
第二人称
you are going
you are going
you’re going
you’re going
第三人称
he is going
she is going
it is going
they are going
he’s going
she’s going
it’s going
they’re going
1. I’m standing. 我站着。
2. Now I’m sitting. 现在我正坐着。
3. I’m closing the door now. 我现在正在关门。
4. Maria is doing her homework. 玛丽亚正在做作业。
5. Phil and Beverly are studying math together. 菲尔和贝弗莉正在一起学数学。
6. It’s snowing today. 天在下雪。
7. We’re reading magazines. 我们在看杂志。
8. They’re playing tennis. 他们在打网球。
9. Steve is putting the dishes in the dishwasher.
史蒂夫正把碗碟放在洗碗机里。
10. Sara is talking on the telephone.
萨拉正在打电话。
11. The teacher is explaining the math lesson.
老师正在上数学课。
12. Her students are learning a lot. 她的学生正在学习。
13. My grandfather and grandmother are laughing.
我的爷爷奶奶在笑。
14. The baby is crying. 婴儿在哭。
Practice
A 替换下列句子中的主语，尽量用缩写形式。
EXAMPLE: I’m studying English now. (you)
You’re studying English now.
1. you and I 5. they 9. we
2. he 6. she 10. you two
3. Akiyoshi 7. she and I 11.those people
4. Akiyoshi and Ramon 8.you and Carla 12. the boys
B 用现在进行时填空，尽量用缩写形式。
1．You’re working in a store now. (You/work)
2. to Sidney. (Alicia/talk)
3. the door. (He/open)
4. a letter to my grandmother. (I/write)
5. a book. (You/read)
6. today. (It/rain)
7. to work. (They/work)
8. to the movies. (We/go)
9. the lesson to him. (His grandfather/explain)
10. (Jackie and Daniela/laugh)
11. the dishes in the dishwasher. (She/put)
12. my math homework. (I/do)
C 用完整的句子回答下列选择疑问句。
1．Is Jay walking toward the door or toward the window?
He’s walking toward the door.
2. Is Elena opening a box or a drawer？
3．Is she going to school or to the store?
4. Are Diana and Barbara singing or talking?
5. Am I getting a book or a magazine?
6. Are we walking or running?
7. Are they traveling by bus or by plane?
8. Are Willie and Ana playing baseball or tennis?
9. Are they laughing or crying?
10. Is he opening or closing the door?
11. Is the cat sleeping or running?
12. Is the dog eating or sleeping?
13. Are you reading a magazine or writing a postcard?
14. Is she buying or selling the car?
VOCABULARY
a lot dishwasher magazine sing talk(v.) math explain
now sit tennis baseball get open(v.) sleep(v.) together buy laugh(v.) snow(v.) toward close(v.) learn postcard stand (v.) cry(v.) lesson rain(v.) study(v.)
22 现在进行时---否定句
现在进行时的否定形式由Be动词的现在时+not+动词-ing形式构成。现在进行时的否定句有两种缩写形式。
否定句
完整形式
单数
复数
第一人称
I am not walking.
We are not walking.
第二人称
You are not walking.
You are not walking.
第三人称
He is not walking.
She is not walking.
It is not walking.
They are not walking.
缩写形式
单数
复数
第一人称
I’m not walking.
We’re not walking.
We aren’t walking.
第二人称
You’re not walking.
You aren’t walking.
You’re not walking.
You aren’t walking.
第三人称
He’s not walking.
He isn’t walking.
They’re not walking.
They aren’t walking.
1. I’m not studying geography now.
I’m studying history.
我现在没学地理。
我在学历史。
2. You’re not sitting at the desk.
You’re sitting at the table.
你没坐在课桌旁。
你坐在餐桌旁。
3．Linda isn’t going down the stairs.
She’s going up the stairs.
琳达没有下楼。
她正在上楼。
4．It’s not snowing today.
It’s raining.
今天没下雪。
正在下雨。
5．We’re not speaking English now.
We’re speaking Italian.
我们讲的不是英语。
我们在讲意大利语。
6．You and Ray aren’t writing on the chalk-board.
You’re writing in your notebooks.
你和雷没有在黑板上写字。
你们正在你们的笔记本上写字。
7．Gene and Lola aren’t playing baseball.
They’re playing table tennis.
吉恩和劳拉没有打棒球。
他们在打乒乓球。
8．I’m not washing the floor.
I’m washing the window.
我没在擦地板。我在擦窗户。
9. We’re not working now.
We’re traveling.
我们没在工作。我们在旅行。
10．They’re not going to school.
They’re going to the library.
他们不是去学校。他们去图书馆。
Practice
A 用所给的单词替换下列句子中的主语，尽量用缩写形式。
EAMPLE: I’m not washing the windows now. (she)
She’s not washing the windows now. OR
She isn’t washing the windows now.
1. she 5.your mother and father 9.Ms.stone
2. he 6.Mr.Roe and I 10.we
3. your secretary 7.Mrs.Takashi 11.Jan
4. I 8.they 12.her grandmother
B把下列陈述句改成否定句。
1. He’s eating breakfast now.
He’s not eating breakfast now. OR
He isn’t eating breakfast now.
2. She’s talking to the plumber.
3. They’re sending money to their grandfather.
4. You’re sitting in my chair.
5. I’m eating a sandwich for lunch.
6. we’re putting our letters in the mailbox.
7. You and Paul are studying Italian.
8. He’s eating his lunch now.
9. She’s talking with the teacher.
10. They’re sitting at the table.
11. I’m doing my homework.
12. we’re playing table tennis.
C回答下列选择疑问句。首先给出肯定回答，然后做否定回答。
1．Are they sitting down or standing up?
They’re standing up.
They’re not sitting down.
2. Is she running or walking?
3. Is he sitting near a window or near a door?
4. Are you studying French or Spanish?
5. Is Pete studying or sleeping?
6. Is it raining or snowing?
VOCABULARY
down history near stair wash(v.) French Italian notebook table tennis geography library Spanish up
23 现在进行时---疑问句
现在进行时的一般疑问句构成是把Be动词的现在时形式放在主语前面。
疑问句
单数
复数
第一人称
Am I walking?
Are we walking?
第二人称
Are you walking?
Are you walking?
第三人称
Is he walking?
Is she walking?
Is it walking?
Are they walking?
1. Is that woman selling fruit?
Yes, she is selling fruit.
那个妇女在卖水果吗？是的，她在卖水果。
2．Is Mr.Benson pointing to the strawberries?
Yes, he’s pointing to the strawberries.
本森先生正指着草莓吗？是的，他正指着草莓。
3．Is he buying some strawberries?
Yes, he’s buying some strawberries.
他在买草莓吗？是的，他在买一些草莓。
4. Is the woman selling cherries, too?
Yes, she’s selling cherries, too.
那个妇女也在卖樱桃吗？是的，她也在卖樱桃。
5. What are the brothers asking for?
They’re asking for some cherries.
兄弟俩要买什么？他们要买一些樱桃。
6．What are they forgetting?
They’re forgetting the cherries.
他们忘拿什么了？他们忘拿樱桃了。
7．What’s their sister doing?
She’s getting the cherries.
他们的姐姐在做什么？她正在拿樱桃。
8．What are they doing now?
They’re eating the cherries.
他们在做什么？他们在吃樱桃。
Practice
A 用所给的单词替换下列句子中的主语。
EAMPLE: Is she paying for the strawberries? (you)
Are you paying for the strawberries?
1. I 4. the woman 7.you and your father
2.they 5.he 8.Nina
3.we 6.the boys 9.Kathy and I
B把下列陈述句变为疑问句。
1. Jill is walking to work now.
Is Jill walking to work now?
2. We’re eating dinner.
3. It’s snowing.
4. The children are playing in the park.
5. You and your sister are opening a new store.
6. They’re studying Italian.
7. Maria is paying for the fruit.
8. She’s giving the cookies to her brother.
9. Marcia is crying.
10. The children are sleeping.
C用完整的句子回答问题。
1. What’s the man selling?
He’s selling fruit.
2. Who’s pointing to the oranges?
3. What’s the woman buying?
4. What else is the man selling?
5. What are the brothers asking for?
6. What are they eating?
VOCABULARY
ask for else pay(v.) strawberry brother forget point(v.) too cherry fruit sister
24人称代词
人称代词的宾格形式用来构成介词的宾语和动词的直接宾语或间接宾语。
人称代词
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
第三人称
He
She
it
him
her
it
they
them
一些动词可以同时接直接宾语和间接宾语。当直接宾语是名词时，间接宾语可以放在名词前面，也可以放在名词后面。
He sends you a letter every week. 他每周给你寄一封信。(不含介词)
He sends a letter to you every week.他每周给你寄一封信。（含介词）
如果直接宾语是代词，要把介词和间接宾语放在宾语的后面。
He sends it to you every week.他每周都给你寄信。
1．I always walk to school with Mother.
我常和妈妈走着去上学。
I always walk to school with her.
我常和她走着去上学。
She always walks to school with me.
她常和我走着去上学。
2．Phil and I see Andrea every morning.
我和菲尔每天早上都能看到安德里亚。
We see her every morning.
我们每天早上都能看到她。
She sees us every morning.
她每天早上都能看到我们。
3．I teach English to the students.
我教学生英语。
I teach them English.
我教他们英语。
I teach English to them.
我教他们英语。
I teach it to them.
我教他们英语。
4．Vanna sells dresses to Beatrice and me.
瓦娜把连衣裙卖给我和比阿特丽斯。
She sells us dresses.
她把连衣裙卖给我们。
She sells dresses to us.
她把连衣裙卖给我们。
She sells them to us.
她把它们（连衣裙）卖给我们。
5．We send postcards to Father.
我们给爸爸寄明信片。
We send him postcards.
我们给他寄明信片。
We send postcards to him.
我们把明信片寄给他。
We send them to him.
我们把它们（明信片）寄给他。
6．You and Al buy toys for the little girl.
你和埃尔给这个小女孩买玩具。
You buy her toys.
你们给她买玩具。
You buy toys for her.
你们买玩具给她。
You buy them for her,
你们买它们（玩具）送给她。
7．They give the money to Victor and Lisa.
他们把钱给维克多和丽莎。
They give them the money.
他们给他们钱。
They give the money to them.
他们把钱给他们。
They give it to them.
他们把它（钱）给他们。
Practice
A 用正确的人称代词或宾格替换下列句子中的斜体部分。
1．He sells books to John.
He sells them to him.
2. She gives meat to the dog.
3. We often see Mr. and Mrs.Lopez.
4. They study English with Mother and me.
5. I know Vanna.
6. Father usually buys toys for the children.
7. Roberto has dinner with Alicia and me.
8. He always eats with you and lucy.
B圈出下列句子中正确的单词。
1．（We, Us）work with (them, they)at the factory.
2. (Me, I) know (she, her) and Barry.
3. (They, Them) often buy toys for (he, him).
4. (Him, He) and (I, me) always eat dinner at home.
5. (We, Us) give (him, he) the money every week.
6. (Her, She) and (me, I) buy (he, him) food every week.
7. (He, him) sells (I, me) flowers every day.
8. (Us, We) teach English to (they, them).
C用正确的主语和人称代词宾格形式替换下列句子中的斜体部分。
1. Mrs. Herman sells eggs to Sue and me.
She sells them to us.
2. Jack and I write Mother postcards every week.
3. Sally and Fred send the children to camp.
4. You and Alice often buy flowers from the florist.
VOCABULARY
camp food me teach us father give mother them week florist him see toy with
25 一般过去时---To Be肯定句
Be动词的过去式
单数
复数
第一人称
I was
we were
第二人称
you were
you were
第三人称
he was
she was
it was
they were
1. Today is Wednesday. Yesterday was Tuesday.
今天是星期三，昨天是星期二。
2．On Monday and Tuesday the weather was very bad.
星期一和星期二的天气很糟糕。
3．I was absent from school yesterday.
我昨天没去上学。
4．You were absent on Monday.
你星期一没上学。
5．My cousin Ann was at school both days.
Andy was there, too.
我的堂妹安两天都上学了。安迪也去了。
6．You and I were absent from school two days last week.
你和我上星期两天没上学。
7．You and your cousin were absent last Friday.
你和你的堂妹上星期五没上学。
8．Nancy and Bob were absent last Thursday.
They were sick, too.
南希和鲍勃上星期四没上学，他们也病了。
9．We were all outside together last Saturday and Sunday.
上星期六和星期日我们一起去外面玩儿。天气非常好。
Practice
A 用所给的单词替换下列句子中的主语。
EXAMPLE: He was sick yesterday. (they)
They were sick yesterday.
1. the students 5.Michael 9. my friends
2. she and I 6.she 10. I
3. we 7.your teacher 11.you and I
4.you 8.Mr. Harris 12.both of you
B 把下列句子中改成一般过去式。
1. Today is Tuesday.
Yesterday was Monday.
2. I’m sick today.
3. You are late today.
4. Mrs. Ross is at home today.
5. Joan and her bother are there.
6. The book is on my desk.
7. You and your cousin are both sick.
8. Jack is at his sister’s house.
9. We’re in the restaurant.
10. They’re in school today.
P125
